The paper proposes an algorithm for constructing Lyapunov candidate neural network functions in order to maximize the estimate of the area of attraction of the equilibrium position. To do this, it is necessary that the invariant subset, given by the level set, occupy the largest possible share of the empirical estimate of the attraction region obtained by the simulation. The implementation of this goal is carried out by introducing an additional term in the loss function. The algorithm makes it possible to construct candidate functions for systems with non-linearities of a rather general form. The operation of the algorithm is illustrated by an example.

Using machine learning methods, models have been developed to predict the size of the queue depending on the Hurst exponent based on the data obtained when performing the transformation of an input self-similar stream distributed according to the Pareto law into a stream having an exponential distribution with equal mathematical expectation and equal medians. A comparative analysis of the obtained models is carried out. Each model was examined using the following quality metrics: coefficient of determination, rms regression error, mean absolute error, penalty value, estimated loss. Models that use isotonic regression and support vector methods are the best in terms of the selected quality metrics for methods of transforming the input and output packet streams when the mathematical expectation is equal. For methods of transforming the input and output packet stream with equal medians, linear models are the best.

The paper proposes a new method for cleaning uncoded images from impulse noise in a binary symmetric channel, where, when an error occurs, the information bit is distorted and the image pixels take incorrect values. The characteristic of such noise cnuorresponds to impulse noise, where impulse noise takes on random values and is randomly distributed over the image. Pixels are determined to be distorted by evaluating the difference between pixels within the local window. This estimate takes into account the brightness value and the distance of pixels within the local window. Image recovery is performed using adaptive median filtering.

The article presents a description of the load balancing method for a computing cluster of a data processing center (DPC), which is based on a probabilistic approach to proactive forecasting of packet traffic states, formed on the basis of the results of its statistical, nonlinear and spectral analysis. The fractal properties of network traffic are the rationale for the possibility of prediction, allow with a fairly high probability to predict the appearance of bursts and drops in its activity at certain time intervals, identify periods of possible overload of servers and network equipment, and make it possible to develop methods for effective planning and distribution of tasks within the data center, ensuring a statistically uniform loading its functional elements. The spectral analysis of the time series is carried out according to the normalized deviations of the actual levels from the smoothed ones. The absence of significant peaks in the spectral estimates indicates the absence of periodic fluctuations. It is shown that the summation of cycles of different periods of the dynamics of the time series, based on the use of the most significant harmonics of the spectrum, determines the moments of occurrence of subsequent anomalies in its development. The process of identifying significant harmonics of the spectrum is based on the study of its spectral power density using the Fourier transform. The developed method is able to provide a solution to the problem of efficient planning and distribution of tasks in a data center computing cluster in order to optimize the use of resources, speed up task execution time and reduce application processing costs.

The paper considers a mathematical model of the hydrolithospheric process, taking into account the "well" formed by a production well. A description of the mathematical model of the interaction of hydrolithospheric processes in the "well" with aquifers is given. The results of numerical modeling of hydrolithospheric processes show a significant influence of the “well” radius on the level decrease in the aquifer.

The paper presents a method that allows to allocate protocol data units of multimodal messages at the transport layer of the OSI model, considering their priority. Its implementation in the AnyLogic simulation environment is developed, the results of simulation modeling are obtained with the developed method and without it.

According to WHO data, there is a reduced consumption of fruits and vegetables among the population. At the moment, a similar consumption deficit is observed in Russia. A reduced amount of such products in the diet leads to an increase in non-communicable diseases, an increase in oxidative stress in the human body, which in turn leads to a decrease in the antioxidant status. This problem can be solved by adding various functional foods with various antioxidant components with increased antioxidant activity to the human diet. Polyphenols have similar activity. 10 groups of flavonoids were considered, as well as other large groups of polyphenols. Some flavonoids and anthocyanidins are mainly used in foods. The remaining groups, despite their useful therapeutic properties, are not used in the food industry.

According to the PubMed resource, there has been a significant increase in publication activity on the topics of functional nutrition and polyphenols over the past 20 years, both abroad and in Russia.

Functional products with polyphenols are presented in greater quantities on foreign markets than on Russian ones. Such products are represented abroad in a variety of market segments - in bakery products, dairy products, soft drinks, dry foods and superfoods. On the Russian market, products with polyphenols are presented in small quantities in dairy products, soft drinks and superfoods, often by foreign companies. In modern conditions, such a distribution raises the problem of import substitution and the need to use scientific food achievements in the field of dairy products and soft drinks, ahead of foreign analogues.

Increasing the efficiency of deep processing of raw materials for commercial fish farming, including caviar of freshwater fish of the carp family, which is little in demand on the Russian market. As an object of study, carp caviar was used, which is a promising source for the production of high quality natural emulsifiers, for example, lecithin. It is known that the most common method of conservation of biopolymers is the drying of raw materials. An analysis of the methods for dehydrating products like carp caviar showed that the most rational of them for this purpose is convective, with a possible combination with conductive energy supply, which predetermines the contact of the object of study with the steam-air medium and determines the expediency of determining its hygroscopic parameters for the rational organization of the drying and storage process. dried product in order to maximize the preservation of the complex of phospholipids in the product, consisting of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, phosphoric acid, glycerol and choline, which in general is lecithin. The aim of the study was to determine the hygroscopic and thermodynamic parameters of the interaction of carp caviar with water for use in the rational implementation of the technology for its drying and obtaining lecithin from carp caviar in order to identify the conditions for maximum preservation of the necessary target component in it. Within the framework of this study, for the caviar product, its hygroscopicity, which characterizes the equilibrium moisture content of the product, was determined using the tensometric method. The obtained functional dependences of hygroscopic parameters on the influencing factors make it possible to determine the numerical values of the specific thermal energy of evaporation for their substitution into the differential heat transfer equation when modeling the drying processes of the caviar product. As a result, it can be concluded that the obtained hygroscopic and thermodynamic parameters of the caviar product can be successfully used in the rational organization and implementation of the drying technology and technique.

Regularities have been studied and modes of synthesis of a concentrate of aggregation-resistant silver nanoparticles have been optimized. The influence of the conditions of the dispersion medium on the yield of silver nanoparticles in the biologically active fraction was studied. Theoretically substantiated and experimentally proven synergistic antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles and antimicrobial composition in the surface treatment of sausages.

As a result of studies, it has been shown that the antioxidant activity in the series curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin decreases. The TEAС value was determined for curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, which is 0.41, 0.32 and 0.21, respectively. The total preparation of curcuminoids has antimutagenic activity at a concentration of 8.3 mg / l in the test system of S. typhimurium TA100 and S. typhimurium TA98 strains.

Currently, the development of functional food products of a preventive orientation, including for personalized nutrition, adequately providing the human body with the main sources of essential substances – essential amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, micro-, macroelements and dietary fibers, is of particular relevance. The article presents the results of the development of formulations of functional meat-vegetable semi-finished products with a balanced nutrient composition, prebiotic effect, high organoleptic properties and increased yield. The high level of nutritional and biological value of the developed semi–finished products, preventive orientation and reduced cost are achieved through a combination of raw materials of animal and vegetable origin, the inclusion of an innovative food ingredient in the formulations - milk molasses with lactulose and the use of modern computer modeling tools.

The purpose was to study the efficiency of the use of aspiration equipment of the BC type and its efficiency of use today in comparison with the advanced achievements of aspiration technology in the elevator industry for the process of creating air dilution and removing grain dust during the operation of equipment using the example of a modern silo elevator with a capacity of 20,000 tons, in grain production, including acceptance and storage of air-conditioned grains. In order to achieve the purpose of the study and answer the research questions about the effectiveness of the installations of battery cyclones of the BC type, a calculation was made on the amount of grain dust emitted for a period of 365 days of elevator operation in 3 shifts according to the "Temporary method of calculating planned indicators for the protection of atmospheric air of grain processing enterprises and elevators", in accordance with the "Calculation Method aspiration installations and explosion-discharge devices", series 14, issue 1 "Industrial safety of explosive grain storage and processing facilities". According to the results obtained, according to the calculation, the cleaning coefficient of battery installations was established, which amounted to 95-96%, the amount of grain dust removed during the year of operation of the elevator is 40.16 tons. This indicator has a positive effect on the evaluation of the efficiency of battery-operated aspiration units of the BBTS type. A number of disadvantages and advantages of BBC type aspiration units over modern aspiration equipment have been identified on the example of a point local filter. To date, battery installations of the BPC type are effective aspiration equipment, despite the undeniable advantages of innovative point local filters, the essential problem of which is their low versatility.

Malting is one of the most important stages in the production of brewing products. It is very long and can take place within 7-10 days, during which time the seeds used are converted directly into finished raw materials, malt. This period is characterized by the course of complex biochemical processes taking place in the grain and that is why it is especially demanding for express and high-precision quality control. To meet such needs, it is necessary to introduce modern methods of quality assessment, for example, the photoluminescent analysis method. Such a technological solution will make it possible to produce sufficiently accurate analyses in a production laboratory in the shortest possible time and promptly resolve the identified problems.

Materials and methods, results and discussions

To adapt the photoluminescent method of malt quality control, experimental studies were conducted with its grains. The spectra were measured according to a technique previously developed by the authors on the basis of a hardware and software complex consisting of a multifunctional spectrofluorimeter "Fluorat-02-Panorama" and a computer with the installed software "PanoramaPro". The measurement of biochemical parameters: powdery content, extractivity and acidity was carried out in a biochemical laboratory and using appropriate equipment according to  the control methods described in GOST 29294-2021. For all the samples studied, families of excitation and luminescence characteristics were obtained for grains of varying degrees of powdery content, extractivity and acidity.

Conclusion

As a result of the conducted research:

1. The spectral characteristics of excitation and luminescence of barley and oat malt grains of various degrees of germination have been studied.
2. The dynamics of changes in the powdery content, extractivity and acidity of barley and oat malt during germination has been studied.
3. The dependences of the luminescence flux on the studied biochemical characteristics are presented.
4. Linear approximation equations for barley and oat malt grains are derived.
5. With the help of additive modeling, equations are derived that allow predicting the time to reach the norm of indicators of malt of the highest class.
6. The technological scheme of the process of express diagnostics of powdery content, extractivity and acidity of malt has been developed.

The obtained results of spectral and biochemical studies are valuable experimental data that can become the basis for further scientific research in the field of grain and malt studies. Also, the results obtained can form the basis of the device for luminescent control of malt quality parameters.

The use of the mathematical apparatus of neural networks is becoming a very important tool in solving various problems of artificial intelligence. Pattern recognition problems can be attributed to the number of such problems. This paper provides an example of using a neural network to identify a defect in a photograph, and then eliminate such a defect.

Materials and methods, results and discussions. The proposed article discusses special algorithms for the operation of a neural network that are designed to recognize graphic images, as well as algorithms for finding defects in graphic images with their subsequent elimination.

A huge number of photographs on paper are subject to physical damage over time (unlike photographs on electronic media). To solve such a problem, it is necessary to develop algorithms for searching and recognizing defects in photographs, as well as algorithms for eliminating these defects using the mathematical apparatus of a neural network.

The article discusses approaches to the development of a neural network for recognizing defects in photographs with their subsequent restoration.

Conclusion. The solutions that are offered based on the results of the work performed within the framework of this article will enable users to restore old photographs with defects that can be invaluable not only for them, but for the whole society - for example, photographs of historical events, great people of our state.

The article reveals the main directions of youth policy, defines strategies for the implementation of youth policy, describes technologies for managing political processes in the youth policy of the region.

The article analyzes the internal political processes in Georgia, accompanied by the constitutional reform carried out in the republic in 2009-2010. It is emphasized that she thoroughly modified the structure of state power, regulated the relationship between the legislative and executive authorities. At the same time, maintaining a balance between these two branches of government was not possible without a strong and independent judicial system. Based on this, the new version of the Constitution took into account the recommendations on the reform of the judicial system received from the Venice Commission. Based on the materials published in 2014 on the implementation of the state program for reforming the political system in Georgia, it followed that after the amendments to the Constitution, the Supreme Council of Justice of the Republic acquired a much more transparent and democratic appearance. In general, within the framework of the Euro-Georgian Association, special attention was paid to the problems of reforming the judicial system in Georgia. In the course of judicial reforms, it was necessary to solve important tasks related to a fair trial, conducting independent investigative measures, etc. The established independent judicial system was supposed to be an indicator of the functioning of democratic institutions in the republic. The concept of military reform was also developed, which provided for the creation of the institution of military service and the adoption of regulators that would facilitate its liberation from political influence. Finally, in 2014, on the proposal of the Government, the Parliament adopted a bill on the elimination of all forms of discrimination. In conclusion, the paper concludes that the constitutional reform played an important role, contributing to the reform of the political system, further integration of the republic into European structures.

Youth is a significant generational group, which, with sufficient resources, can bring great benefits to the state and society, and they, in turn, are responsible for providing proper starting conditions for the development of youth, and at the same time – the future of human potential. Therefore, it is important to study the current state measures, a comparative analysis of the decisions of different countries, as well as an analysis of the problems on the part of the youth. All this will allow us to conduct effective work now and form directions for future research. The described methods of work served for the main purpose of the article – to study the relationship between youth policy and the stability of the state. The results of the theoretical analysis show that for all countries the implementation of a comprehensive youth policy is either already one of the priority tasks, or is rapidly gaining momentum in develop ment. The main goals of the states are to provide affordable education and employment of graduates, work to promote a healthy lifestyle, the introduction of political organizations as a way for young people to be active in social issues. Surveys of young people under 18 show that the problems of smoking and the use of drugs and alcohol are a very serious layer for work. For young people aged 18-35, the leading problems are the commercialization of education, unemployment and low living standards. Promising are the areas of work on the analysis of real threats and the formation of youth policy based on the data obtained. Also, against the backdrop of globalization, the analysis of successful foreign technologies in the field of youth policy can become an important element.

This article provides a theoretical analysis of political management, examines the levels of power, and also considers the division into zones of influence of non-political actors of the political government of the region.

Materials, methods, results and discussions.

The paper reveals the mechanism of political science analysis of territorial administration, which allows to give an integral cut of the problem, synthesizing approaches developed in sciences related to political science.

The interaction of historical, legal, economic-geographical and other aspects of territorial administration is traced. In general, this allows us to give a political analysis in the study of the problem. At the same time, political management is considered as a mutual process, including both the impact of the state on the territory and the reverse impact of the territorial community on state power.

The work is based on a political analysis of the problem based on a systematic approach.

Conclusion.

Political management is a connecting element, synthesizing, integrating various types of management. Accordingly, the role of political scientists is also great for the integration and coordination of various branches of knowledge (jurisprudence, sociology, economic geography and management) in the study of various types of political management.

The fundamental issue of modern research remains the study of the situation when mass media have become an extension of the human nervous system, affect human consciousness and behavior in the process of communication. The purpose of the article is to determine that modern communication has absorbed not only the transmission of a message, but also the construction of a value-semantic space and the translation of patterns of behavior and culture.  It is concluded that the globality of the information frame is being actively mastered not only by social actors, but also by various political agents, for whom not using the media space means missing potential opportunities to influence an unlimited audience. It must be recognized that modern mass political communication has absorbed not only the transmission of a message, but also the construction of a political space, which is its changed essence. The predominant share of political communication is carried out through and in the interests of the subjects of political communication.

The political process in the North Caucasus is peripheral in terms of its significance for the Russian society. does not have a system-forming influence on the main forms and methods of ruling. It also has an ideocratic character, since the actions of the subjects of the process are normalized by ethnic and confessional norms to a greater extent than by formalized law. The imperial period of Russian influence in the Caucasus with a variety of styles and forms of political governance is considered.

Materials, methods, results and discussions.

In the presented work, a mechanism for a comparative analysis of various styles and methods of management is identified, a systematic method is used, which helps to establish the political background of ongoing political and management activities.

Conclusion.

Thus, the policy of imperial management of political processes in the Caucasus in modern political science has not been studied sufficiently deeply and diversified. The studied scientific phenomenon is much more widely represented by the works of historians, lawyers, specialists in political geography, the very process of the Caucasus entering the halo of Russian politics begins from the beginning of the 18th to the 20th centuries. In this article, an attempt was made to describe his imperial period and to personify individual state and political figures responsible for the policy pursued. The activities of Prince P. V. Tsitsianov, who was the first to try to take steps towards political transformation in the field of legislation, were given. During his reign in the Caucasus, conditions began to form for the formation of a local political and bureaucratic elite. I characterize the management model of Prince P.V. Tsitsianov, we can recognize the presence of a "European trace" in the ongoing imperial policy. The years of Yermolov's rule coincided with the protracted Caucasian War and were marked by military-power methods of control. Management policy and forms of management Vorontsova M.S. distinguished by significant, deep political and administrative reforms. Thus, the political-imperial management of political processes in the Caucasus combined various types and forms of management: from peaceful civilians, military forces, and was intended to strengthen the Russian imperial influence in the Caucasus.

The article is devoted to the study of the media as a tool of socio-political manipulation. The relevance of such studies is due to the weak development of the problems of influencing the mass audience of technologies based on the capabilities of the media. A number of provisions and conclusions are formulated, indicating that 1) in the mass understanding, the regulatory social and political capabilities of modern technologists from the media are not recognized as important; 2) The media today have become the means, the instrument by which the ruling class can influence large masses of the population, therefore, purposeful manipulative influence on the consumer is now increasingly becoming the main function of the media.

The article deals with topical issues of institutional transformations in the structure of functional tasks of executive authorities. As a result of the analysis of functional tasks of federal executive authorities, conclusions are formulated on the need to strengthen control and supervisory activities and on the regularity of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation

Discussion. The article substantiates the conclusions on determining the points of interaction of the FOI functionality with the results of national projects. The key solutions were: tasks to consolidate the main «point of interaction» – the horizon of budget investment planning, which is an attribute of evaluating the effectiveness of partnership between government agencies and the executors of national projects. The study of all points of interaction of the FOIV functionality with the results of national projects made it possible to establish the types of connections of functional changes in the powers of state bodies.

Conclusion. The role of federal executive authorities in the formation and control of the achievement of targets of strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation is determined. Practical recommendations have been developed to improve the process of forming plans for the activities of federal executive authorities.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the events that followed in Afghanistan after the withdrawal of US troops. The relevance of such studies is due to critical events related to the establishment of diplomatic bridges between Moscow and Kabul. A number of main conclusions are formulated: 1) The Taliban continue to experience serious problems with ensuring economic stability in the country, as the sanctions announced by a number of world governments against Afghanistan have led to the fact that Afghanistan has lost two-thirds of its financial revenues from the international community; 2) Kabul is actively negotiating duty-free supplies of fruits and minerals to Russia, and in return is ready to purchase gas, oil and refined products; 3) The legitimacy of the Afghan authorities and their constructive cooperation with the outside world are directly dependent on the coordinated policy of the international community regarding the difficult domestic political situation in Afghanistan.

Introduction: The construction of buildings originated with man and developed in the same way. Man created a variety of structures for his being and work, equipping premises to solve certain problems. And, faced with the problems of improvement, he designed new systems, one of the first of these systems was the heating system. It was induced to reproduce and maintain heat in buildings and structures, in order to preserve furniture and other utensils, as well as the health of the person himself. It is difficult to imagine modern residential and non-residential buildings without equipment and appliances that create a comfortable climatic environment. And this branch of engineering systems is developing faster and faster over time. However, not everyone knows that heating buildings and structures can be more profitable.

Cold fusion for heating buildings and structures: This paper discusses the use of cold fusion, called cavitation, for heating buildings and structures. An analysis of the types of heat generator was carried out, all the advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. The conditions for the installation and use of cavitation heat generators are also considered.

Results: as a result of the work done, it can be concluded that the use of cold nuclear fusion (cavitation) using various types of cavitation heat generators is more cost-effective, environmentally friendly, safe and convenient, in comparison with standard heating equipment. Of the above varieties of heat generators, the most comfortable in terms of use and maintenance was selected. Also, as a result of studying the operation of heat generators, it was concluded that in addition to heating a building or structure, this installation can heat running water used in everyday life for various purposes.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that cold nuclear fusion (cavitation) when used in a domestic environment, and more specifically in heating buildings and structures, is not only cheap to install and operate, but also environmentally friendly and safe for human health.

In the globalizing space, tourism is a process or phenomenon that affects the level of well-being of various contingents, states and peoples. At the present stage of socio-economic development, the transformation of the formed cluster model in the tourism industry is necessary. Global trends and trends dictate the transition to new development realities that involve the transition from innovative systems to digital systems. In this context, it is necessary to develop and implement conceptually new models of management of tourist systems both at the federal level and at the local level. The key goal of stimulating tourism with digital technologies is to promote digital and physical convergence and achieve the goals of intellectual tourism through the creation of digital platforms.

Ficaria verna is a perennial herbaceous invasive plant widely distributed in Russia. Phenolic (flavonoids, phenolic acids), terpene (triterpene, carotenoids, phytosterols, phthalates) compounds are described as the main groups of biologically active compounds of its aerial part.

The plant was used in folk medicine in some European countries in the treatment of cough, scurvy, hemorrhoids, and also as a hepatoprotective agent. As a toxic substance contained in the plant, protoanemonin is described - an unstable volatile lactone, which is easily converted into a non-toxic compound anemonin.

The study of various extracts from Ficaria verna made it possible to establish their antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antimicrobial activity, which is of undoubted interest for further in-depth study.

The review presents scientific data obtained from available open sources of literature containing information on biologically active substances of a widespread spring chistyak plant. In addition, information is provided on the use of this species and extracts based on it in folk and scientific medicine, established biological and pharmacological activity and toxicity.