In the modern world, image processing is used in various fields of human activity. Due to various interference factors, image and video deterioration seriously reduces the accuracy and efficiency of target tracking and recognition. Hence, image restoration is becoming a major problem in the field of computer vision.

Matrials and methods, results and discussions This study provides an overview of methods for improving the visual quality of images and videos when they are distorted by weather phenomena. The methods are classified according to the types and differences of weather phenomena. Examples of their approbation on images and video are given. Conclusions are drawn about each of the types of algorithms.

Conclusion The article explored various methods to improve the visual quality of images and videos in adverse weather conditions. Each method was studied in detail, their advantages and disadvantages were considered, which made it possible to come to the following conclusions: 1) methods that use physical models are very efficient, but are computationally complex, in this regard, this method is more appropriate to use for image and video post-processing. 2) Methods based on histograms are simpler, but they are only suitable for static weather conditions (fog, haze, haze). 3) The most promising are methods based on learning. Neural networks allow solving more complex problems, due to the possibility of parallelizing information and further learning. Also, these methods do an excellent job of improving the quality of both images and videos. Learning-based methods are applicable to both static weather conditions (fog, haze, haze) and dynamic ones (snow, rain, hail), which makes them more versatile for solving this problem.

In practice, algorithms and models of sorption and desorption of substances by a living organism are more in demand, when their regular intake is unchanged throughout the observation time interval. As a rule, these are environmental conditions, harmful industries or long-term treatment of chronic diseases. But no less interesting is the solution of a more general, nonstationary multidimensional problem, including both the case of sorption and desorption in the body of one ingredient acting according to some function, and cases when several ingredients are involved in the process. At the same time, the half-life a priori known for each of them is considered dependent on the already accumulated amount of other substances in the body. In this paper, the most general case is investigated using a mathematical model, up to the possibility of active intervention in metabolism that does not violate homeostasis.

The article proposes a technique for carrying out preliminary design of mechatronic machine tools using the SolidWorks computer-aided design system. This design system is the most popular in the engineering field and includes various add-ons for preliminary design.

A mathematical model of the system for distributing and balancing the load of servers of clusters of data processing centers (DPC) is proposed, which provides a solution to the problem of assessing its performance, taking into account the degree of workload. The performance of the proposed model and the verification of the results obtained were carried out by simulation. The characteristics of the average queue length, average delay, and packet loss probability were used as the main quality indicators. The mathematical apparatus for evaluating these quality indicators is the queuing theory. The load distribution and balancing system is presented as a multi-channel system with a limit on the length of the queue, which includes an unlimited buffer (disk memory) for all servers in the cluster, as well as input buffers of limited capacity for each server. The model is built taking into account the features of the network traffic of modern infocommunication networks, characterized by self-similarity properties, and each type of traffic (HTTP/TCP, HTTPS. SMTP/TCP, VoIP, FTP/TCP, IP, Ethernet, ATM) is described only by its characteristic distribution law as packet arrival intervals and protocol block lengths. To take into account the features of the self-similar network traffic entering the system, it is described by the fractal Brownian motion fBM/M/1/N and a special function that depends on the self-similarity coefficient H (Hurst coefficient). The presented model can also be used to study the characteristics of network traffic in order to prevent network congestion and minimize losses.

The article presents the rationale for a new optimized recipe and technological scheme for the production of gluten-free bread with the addition of seeds mung bean and chia. An assessment of the quality and safety indicators of new gluten-free bread with seeds mung bean and chia is given, its compliance with the requirements of current regulations and standards is confirmed, and the prospects for creating recipes for gluten-free bakery products of increased nutritional value with the addition of non-traditional vegetable raw materials - seeds mung bean and chia are shown.

Within the framework of this study, quantum chemical modeling of the type of coordination of manganese with vitamin B2 and essential amino acids was carried out. The interaction of manganese with amino acids was carried out through the carboxyl group and amino group of the amino acid, interaction with vitamin B₂ was carried out through various pairs of enolic oxygen and a neighboring nitrogen heteroatom. As a result of modeling, it was found that all the presented interactions are energetically favorable (∆E ≥ 2331,756 kcal/mol) and chemically stable (η ≥ 0.096 eV). The coordination of manganese with vitamin B₂ and essential amino acids occurs through N₃ and enolic oxygen attached to the C₂ atom in the pyrimidine ring of vitamin B₂, and through the carboxyl group and amino group attached to the C₂ atom of amino acids.

β-galactosidase is one of the most important enzymes used in the food industry, which can be applied in food, technology and environmental fields. The use of β-galactosidase for the hydrolysis of lactose in milk and whey is one of the promising enzymatic applications in the food and dairy processing industries. The enzyme can be used in both soluble and immobilized forms. Immobilization has been found to be a convenient method for rendering the enzyme thermally stable and preventing loss of enzymatic activity. The purpose of this review is to summarize and analyze information on the methods of immobilization of the β-galactosidase enzyme and the possibility of its application for the biosynthesis of lactulose. Although most industries still hydrolyze lactose with the free enzyme, immobilization of β-galactosidase is of great interest due to its potential benefits. It has been studied that immobilized enzymes can increase their stability and resistance to environmental conditions. Also, the immobilization of the enzyme makes it possible to reuse it and it can be easily separated from the product. These advantages can significantly reduce the cost of the process. There are the following methods of immobilization: physical adsorption, covalent bonding and capture method. Adsorption is the simplest immobilization method based on weak forces between the matrix and enzymes, which include van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds, as well as stronger ionic interactions.Covalent bonding is the retention of enzymes on the surface of a support by forming a covalent bond. The entrapment method consists in the physical confinement of enzymes in a small space, such as in membranes or matrices. It is necessary to choose the right material for immobilization, it must be reusable and easy to extract the enzyme. At present, the production of lactulose under industrial conditions is based on the isomerization of lactose in alkaline media at high temperatures. The disadvantage of such technologies is the costly removal of catalysts, remaining lactose and reaction by-products. The solution to this problem may be the use of enzymes to produce lactulose. Under certain conditions, in the presence of fructose, β-galactosidases can catalyze the reactions of lactulose synthesis.

The article examined the influence of baking modes on the organoleptic and physicochemical properties of buns made according to the traditional recipe of Chinese steamed buns Baozi. Bakery products included additives of vegetable purees that affect the organoleptic and physico-chemical properties of dough and finished products. As a result of baking, it was found that the baked products are steamed inferior in organoleptic characteristics to products prepared using convection.

Within the framework of this work, the optimal configuration of triple chelate complexes of the trace element zinc with vitamin C and essential amino acids was determined using computer quantum chemical modeling. The interaction of the zinc atom with amino acids through a carboxyl group and an amino group and with vitamin C through various pairs of hydroxyl groups was considered. It has been established that the formation of triple zinc complexes with vitamin C and essential amino acids is possible, which is confirmed by the high difference in the total energy of the triple complex and the amino acid (∆E = 2449.910 ± 1.345 kcal/mol), as well as the chemical hardness value η ≥ 0.076 eV, indicating the stability of molecular complexes. It has been established that the optimal configuration of triple chelate complexes of the essential trace element zinc with vitamin C and essential amino acids is the interaction of zinc with ascorbic acid with OH groups attached to C₃ and C₆ atoms and with amino acids through the carboxyl and amino groups.

In this paper we aim to simulate the propagation of magnetosonic waves in the solar corona by modeling the decay of a wave packet due to the thermal misbalance and the dispersion effect. Slow sound waves are considered as a wave model for two reasons, the first is that the effect is most pronounced here, the second is the presence of a significant number of observations of waves in the lower corona, which are interpreted as slow waves. Formation of quasi-periodic slow magnetosonic wave trains by the heating/cooling misbalance is constructed.

The article presents the results of studying the antioxidant properties of water extract and common myrtle syrup. Aqueous extract and syrup of myrtle, being low-toxic substances, surpassed reference preparations according to experimental data.

Linear analysis still uses a simplified local representation of the plasma radiative loss function as a degree of temperature [1], which, in our opinion, leads to large errors in the results. The behavior of the magnetoacoustic waves strongly depends on the parameters of the plasma; therefore, a more precise analytical expression for the radiatiave loss function is needed. We use new data on the radiative loss function [2]. We build local analytical expressions using cubic splines and study wave attenuation in a wide range of plasma and magnetic field parameters.

In this paper, the authors considered a matrix method for developing a formula for a fermented milk product with a high protein content, by enriching yogurt with vegetable components: hemp flour, 122erusalem artichoke syrup and agave syrup. Using the obtained recipes, samples of fermented milk products were prepared and tasting was carried out. According to the organoleptic results, the expediency of using the matrix method of computer modeling in the development of formulations of fermented milk products is confirmed. People with diabetes and those who lead a healthy lifestyle, because the protein content in the samples has been increased to 3.7% and the introduction of sugar is excluded can recommend the resulting yogurts for use. The development of formulations of fermented milk products with a high protein content, carried out by the matrix method, made it possible to establish optimal dosages of ingredients.

The Middle East continues to be one of the main areas in the world threatened by widespread nuclearization. All attempts to establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region have failed. At present, a significant number of Middle Eastern states can be classified as near-threshold states, which in the very near future may announce a political solution. These states should also include modern Turkey, which has sufficient potential for the development of a military nuclear program. Accordingly, the military and political prerequisites for Turkey's possible entry into the nuclear club require analysis. Thus, the purpose of this article is to conduct a study of the scientific and technical potential, political base and ideological basis of Turkey's possession of nuclear weapons.

The article is devoted to the problem of political and legal regulation of the secession conflict. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that secession conflicts are used as a tool in the processes of struggle for the preservation/destruction of the post-war world order. A comparative analysis of the available proposals on the criteria of law-news requirements for self-determination is given. It is concluded that in order to avoid unjustified victims and suffering of people, it is necessary to introduce the self-determination of peoples within the constitutional framework, i.e. urgently develop standards and procedural norms of constitutional self-determination, with their inclusion in the system of international law and implementation in the national law of the UN member States.

The Internet is used daily by many users for various purposes: work, business correspondence, personal communication, watching news, movies, listening to music, paying bills, shopping. The synthesis of Internet technologies and human activities make the Internet a special socio-cultural space functioning according to the laws of society. In the age of digitalization, social networks and messengers are becoming especially popular among young people. The popularity of spending time on social networks has both positive and negative aspects for the political socialization of young people. The unlimited influence of Internet technologies on young people and on the process of their socialization and political socialization is a problem that needs to be resolved. The purpose of the article is to identify the impact of Internet technologies on the political socialization of young people. The study provides a theoretical analysis of the concept of "socialization". Socialization is revealed by F. Giddings, N. Smelezr, W. Bronfenbrenner. In the Russian science of sociology, I.S. Kon, A.V. Mudrik reveal. Based on the definitions, the author's concept of "socialization" is formulated. The concept of "political socialization" is analyzed, the author's definition is given on the basis of the analysis. The Internet space is considered from a technical and socio-cultural point of view, the main features of social networks are highlighted. The analysis of the concept of "Internet technologies" in the technical aspect and in the aspect of influence on personality is carried out. The article presents the classifications of Internet technologies by D.V. Ivanov and Yu.A. Mityaeva. Based on the works of A.I. Shevchenko, the author's classification of Internet technologies is given. The concept of "political technologies" is analyzed, the author's definition is highlighted. The article presents the ways of using Internet technologies and provides examples of their use. Based on the analysis, the constructive and destructive influence of Internet technologies on political socialization is formulated. The consequences of destructive influence on the political socialization of youth are highlighted. Recommendations are formulated to expand and supplement the constructive influence of Internet technologies on the political socialization of young people. The recommendations can be used by political parties and organizations to increase the effectiveness of the process of political socialization of young people.

The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is based on the organization of regional economic integration of a number of countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Within the framework of its configuration, a special place is given to the countries of Central Asia, referred to as the "soft underbelly" of Russia. In this space, the countries of the RIC strategic triangle (Russia, India and China) are located, which form the approaches of the new world economic order, the historical geopolitical interests of the United States and the states of the "collective West" are concentrated. It is also seen as a geopolitical "crossroads" of Eurasia, in the area of which four nuclear powers are located, including the unpredictability of the leadership of Afghanistan. The modern architecture of the world order actualizes the issues of conjugation of various regions, international organizations and their sovereignty. In this context, understanding the state and prospects for the development of the integration processes of Russia with the countries of Central Asia is an urgent scientific task.

The article examines the essential qualifying signs of youth extremism necessary for the organization of purposeful work of law enforcement agencies to protect the constitutional rights of citizens from criminal encroachments of extremist organizations, provides statistical data of the State Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, identifies possible regulatory mechanisms, due not only to control by Federal agencies, but also the possibility in a difficult, ambiguous geopolitical situation of international cooperation on bottom direction, allowing to prevent the influence of extremist organizations on youth.

The article is devoted to a difficult period of world political history associated with the formation of new landmarks and vectors of world development. The author described the basic principles of international relations in the post-war period and their impact on the formation of a new socio-political order in Europe. The issue of ensuring peace and establishing a security regime in Europe became one of the urgent problems that need to be resolved in the post-war period.

Methods. The main dialectical methods and principles were used: historicism, scientific objectivity, the principle of interrelation of social phenomena, the principle of consistency, a number of other scientific principles, the method of critical analysis of a wide body of factual material, comparative and value methods were also used.

Results and conclusions. This work is a study devoted to certain aspects and features of the formation of a new socio-political order in Europe in the post-war period based on the materials of scientific research and publications of the domestic and foreign press. The author come to the conclusion about the introduction of significant state regulation of post-war processes, which becomes the main factor in the development of the Western European economy. The introduction of a clear state regulatory mechanism contributed to the normalization of interaction at the levels of the structure of government and public relations.

The article is devoted to the study of the strategy and tactics of modern "color revolutions". One of the first developers of the theory of «color revolutions» can be considered the leader and ideologist of the NTS V.D. Poremski, the author of the project of «molecular» or «conducted» revolution. The analysis suggests that it was the theory of V.D. Poremski, created in 1949, that served as the basis for further development of the mechanism of «color revolutions».

The essence and features of the functioning of mediatized politics in the communications system of modern Russia are determined by a number of factors, which primarily include the formation of civil society, the formation of democratic foundations, and adherence to the letter of the Constitution. The purpose of the article is to identify certain semantic permutations in the communication interaction of society and government, which presuppose the presence of a pluralistic plurality of political forces and healthy competition between them, the consistent development of the system of projecting politics in the mass media. It is concluded that in modern Russia it is possible to state the tendency of the growth of the mediatization of politics in the Russian political space, which is expressed both in the transformation of the political system and the course of political processes.

In the article, the author clearly states that the state is the main way of political organization of human society. One of the defining immanent features is State sovereignty. According to the analysis, there are two sides in the structure of state sovereignty – internal and external. The normative content of the external side of state sovereignty is revealed through the generally accepted international legal principles of the sovereign equality of states. The internal side is the completeness of legislative, executive and judicial power under the general concept of "jurisdiction", in exceptional cases regulated by international treaties. The limitations of state sovereignty, as well as threats to state sovereignty, are analyzed, using the example of a challenge to the sovereignty of Russia in connection with the expansion of NATO's influence on the states of Eastern and Central Europe, the activation of terrorist organizations Al-Qaeda, the Taliban, the Islamic State ; "Islamic State"; uncontrolled migrations and other factors related to digitalization. The emergence of illegal and state-controlled sectors of the global computer network Internet, through which illegal DARRNET information is distributed. One of the possible solutions is confrontation – that is, a sovereign state should carefully limit the scope of digital technologies and take measures to ensure their safe use.

The article is devoted to the study of the stability of the local market of the hospitality industry in conditions of varying degrees of covid restrictions and the level of vaccination in the regions of the world, escalation of military conflicts, rising prices for energy and raw materials, problems with logistics chains. External negative factors have changed the structure of demand for services in general and tourist services in particular. This trend is based on the budget, individual segment of domestic tourism, taking into account sanitary and epidemiological restrictions. There is a growing demand for cheap tours, "micro tours" and destinations (not far from home). Transport accessibility becomes an important factor reducing the demand for travel services. The resort regions of the North Caucasus (Caucasian Mineral Waters) are in an advantageous position in this direction, as they have a developed recreational infrastructure and qualified personnel.

Thanks to interesting recipes for mayonnaise and mayonnaise sauces, you can diversify the taste of existing dishes and create interesting culinary solutions. Therefore, new types of mayonnaise and mayonnaise sauces will be of interest to the population. Given that mayonnaise is an everyday food product and has steadily taken its place in the consumer basket, market research and studying preferences regarding the use of this product is important. As a result of online marketing research, it was determined that mayonnaise and mayonnaise sauces still occupy a significant share on the consumer's table. At the same time, there is still interest in modernized recipes and technologies, despite the existing developments on the market. The analysis of the current formulations of mayonnaise sauce with non-traditional raw materials was carried out. As a result of organoleptic and physico-chemical studies, the classic, with lemon and spice-aromatic mixture were chosen as the best samples.

A method of increasing seismic resistance using flexible upper floors of newly erected buildings and structures, as well as reconstructed and repaired objects of existing buildings is presented. The technical solution of light metal structures of complete delivery from cross-farms included in the number of structural systems is given. In the general series of cross-systems, the modules of coatings and ceilings of the Pyatigorsk type are distinguished by their technical and economic indicators. Due to the compact dimensions of these modules, they can be made all-welded according to the original technology with a partial transfer of manufacturing from the workshop to the construction site, which provides them with a certain demand in the unstable conditions of the current market.