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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная наука и инновации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Science and Innovations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2307-910X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2307-910X.2026.2.2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msi-1882</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ. ИНФОРМАТИКА, ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕХНИКА И УПРАВЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TECHNICAL SCIENCES. INFORMATION, COMPUTING AND MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование методов машинного обучения для обнаружения SQL-инъекций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of machine learning methods for detecting SQL injections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азаров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azarov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Валерьевич Азаров – доцент</p><p>Researcher ID: PJA-9864-2026</p><p>д. 1, ул. Пушкина, Ставрополь, 355017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Azarov – associate professor</p><p>Researcher ID: PJA9864-2026</p><p>1, Pushkin St., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iazarov@ncfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-0694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Владимировна Кононова – доцент</p><p>Researcher ID: PUE-2199-2026</p><p>д. 8а, пр. Кулакова, Ставрополь, 355035</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Kononova – associate professo</p><p>Researcher ID: PUE-2199-2026</p><p>8a, Kulakova Ave., Stavropol, 355035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">knv_fm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суренков</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surenkov</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данила Эдуардович Суренков – студент</p><p>д. 1, ул. Пушкина, Ставрополь, 355017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila E. Surenkov – student</p><p>1, Pushkin St., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dsurienkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1850-9021</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глеб Алексеевич Семенов – студент</p><p>Researcher ID: PII-8176-2026</p><p>д. 1, ул. Пушкина, Ставрополь, 355017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gleb A. Semenov – student</p><p>Researcher ID: PII-8176-2026</p><p>1, Pushkin St., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glebsemenov2003@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3667-2901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санамян</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sanamyan</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Арменович Санамян  – студент</p><p>Researcher ID: PJA-7256-2026</p><p>д. 1, ул. Пушкина, Ставрополь, 355017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Sanamyan – student</p><p>Researcher ID: PJA-7256-2026</p><p>1, Pushkin St., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.oleg.s2003@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА - Российский технологический университет, филиал в г. Ставрополь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA - Russian Technological University, Branch in Stavropol</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>18–32</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Азаров И.В., Кононова Н.В., Суренков Д.Э., Семенов Г.А., Санамян О.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Азаров И.В., Кононова Н.В., Суренков Д.Э., Семенов Г.А., Санамян О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Azarov I.V., Kononova N.V., Surenkov D.E., Semenov G.A., Sanamyan O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1882">https://msi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1882</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье рассматривается задача обнаружения SQL-инъекций в HTTPзапросах с использованием методов машинного обучения. Модели обучались на дата-сете, содержащем более 120 000 HTTP-запросов, разделённых на легитимные и содержащие SQL-инъекции. Каждый запрос формирован признаковым описанием, его размерность уменьшена, для этого использовался метод главных компонентов. Число компонент, с которыми проводилось исследование каждой модели и находилось в диапазоне от 2 до 14.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование участвуют различные модели: Probabilistic Neural Network(PNN), Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron с алгоритмом RProp, Fuzzy Rule, k-Nearest Neighbors(KNN), Random Forest, Decision Tree и Gradient Boosted Trees. Оценка качества выполняется по метрикам полноты и точности выявления атак. Оценка переобучения выполняется по метрику ROC-AUC.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Проведено исследование эффективности различных моделей. Среди выбранных моделей по метрикам выделяется модель Probabilistic Neural Network. При 3 главных компонентах значение полноты составляет 0,996, а точность выявления атак равна 0,81.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученный результат, демонстрирует что модель обнаруживает почти все SQL-инъекции, но часть обычных запросов определяются как вредоносные. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The paper addresses the task of detecting SQL injections in HTTP requests using machine learning methods. The models were trained on a dataset containing over 120,000 HTTP requests, classified into legitimate requests and those containing SQL injections. Each request was represented by a set of features, the dimensionality of which was reduced using the Principal Component Analysis method. The number of components used for the study of each model ranged from 2 to 14.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study involves various models: Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN), Naive Bayes, Multilayer Perceptron with the RProp algorithm, Fuzzy Rule, k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest, Decision Tree, and Gradient Boosted Trees. The quality assessment is performed using recall and precision metrics for attack detection. Overfitting is evaluated using the ROC-AUC metric.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The effectiveness of different models was studied. Among the selected models, the Probabilistic Neural Network stands out in terms of performance metrics. With 3 principal components, the recall value is 0.996, and the attack detection precision is 0.81.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained result demonstrates that the model detects nearly all SQL injections, but classifies some legitimate requests as malicious. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>SQL-инъекция</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>PCA</kwd><kwd>KNIME</kwd><kwd>обнаружение атак</kwd><kwd>кибербезопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>SQL injection</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>PCA</kwd><kwd>KNIME</kwd><kwd>attack detection</kwd><kwd>cybersecurity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ashton K. That "Internet of Things" Thing: In the Real World Things Matter More than Ideas // Rfid Journal. 2009. 22 June. URL: https://www.rfidjournal.com/expert-views/that-internet-of-thingsthing/73881/ (дата обращения: 01.04.2026).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashton K. 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