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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msi</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современная наука и инновации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Science and Innovations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2307-910X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2307-910X.2024.2.17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msi-1630</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Демократия и содержательная справедливость: моральные обоснования демократии инструментального характера на примере взглядов Р.А. Даля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The democracy and substantive justice: instrumental moral justifications of democracy on the example of R.A. Dahl's views</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шавеко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaveko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Александрович Шавеко – кандидат юридических наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Shaveko – Cand. Sci. (Law), Senior Researcher </p><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shavekonikolai@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт философии и права Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>163</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шавеко Н.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шавеко Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shaveko N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1630">https://msi.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1630</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются наиболее часто встречающиеся моральные обоснования демократии инструментального характера на примере взглядов Р.А. Даля. Анализируются три аргумента, приводимых Далем в поддержку демократии: 1) народ не менее компетентен в вопросах моральной истины, чем любая возможная правящая элита; 2) никакая правящая элита, даже знающая моральную истину, не будет реализовывать её на практике, если не будет контролироваться народом; 3) никакая «элита» не может быть определена в качестве таковой никем, кроме как самим народом. Каждый из этих аргументов подвергается критике автором статьи. Делается вывод, что политическое управление требует ряда личностных качеств и компетенций, которые неизбежно более развиты у одних людей, чем у других, и тем самым ставится под сомнение моральная обоснованность наделения всего корпуса дееспособных граждан политическими правами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the most common instrumental moral justifications of democracy. Moral justifications are understood as justifications from the point of view of a certain social ideal, and the instrumental nature of the justifications means that the social ideal differs from democracy, and democracy is justified as a way to achieve it. Three arguments given by Dahl in support of democracy are considered: 1) the people are no less competent in matters of moral truth than any ruling elite; 2) no ruling elite, even knowing moral truth, will put it into practice if it is not controlled by the people; 3) no "elite" can be defined as such by anyone except by the people themselves. All these arguments are criticized by the author of the article. It is concluded that political governance requires a number of virtues and competencies, which are inevitably more developed in some people than in others, and thus the moral validity of universal suffrage is questioned.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Даль</kwd><kwd>попечительское правление</kwd><kwd>элитизм</kwd><kwd>демократия</kwd><kwd>справедливость</kwd><kwd>моральная истина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Dahl</kwd><kwd>guardianship</kwd><kwd>elitism</kwd><kwd>democracy</kwd><kwd>justice</kwd><kwd>moral truth</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бьюкенен Дж. М. Политика без романтики: краткое изложение позитивной теории общественного выбора и ее нормативных условий // Вехи экономической мысли. Экономика благосостояния и общественный выбор. Т. 4. СПб.: Экономическая школа, 2004. 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